March 27, 2004

» At last, an answer to that most perplexing of questions: If Pluto's a dog, what the hell is Goofy?

Stand By Me:
Gordie: Mickey is a mouse, Donald is a duck, Pluto is a dog. What's Goofy?....
Teddy: He's a dog, he's definitely a dog...
Chris: He can't be a dog he wears a hat and drives a car....
Vern: Yeah, that is weird. What the hell is Goofy?

GCO.com: Well then, it turns out that Goofy isn't so goofy after all, is he? In fact, the contrast between Pluto and Goofy is so startling that the very existence of Pluto proves the point. Can you see them standing next to each other. If you saw them out in your driveway right now, wouldn't you be able to tell which of them wasn't the dog? Can't you see that it would have to be Goofy bent over and petting Pluto, and not the other way around? Now, what dog would do that to another dog?

Disney: A: Goofy is a dog! Good-natured but not that bright, this cartoon character made his first appearance, somewhat disguised, as a member of the audience in "Mickey's Revue" (1932).

[...]

In the newspaper comic strips, this new character was first given the name Dippy Dawg. A 1938 book indicated the first change to Dippy's name, "The Story of Dippy the Goof," and by 1939 the final change was made to Goofy with the release of the cartoon "Goofy and Wilbur."

Goofy was created as a human character, as opposed to Pluto, who was a pet, so he walked upright and had a speaking voice.

» Does language shape the way we think? The vocabulary of colour suggests that it does

In the mid-1960s Berlin and Kay ended up at Berkeley. They had their graduate students scour the Bay Area for native speakers of foreign languages, quizzing them with standard color chips, not unlike those used as samples for paint. Their object was to establish the meanings of basic color terms--that is, those that could not be analyzed into simpler terms (such as "blue-green") and were not defined as characteristic of a given object (such as "salmon"). Later Berlin and Kay collaborated with other researchers to expand their sample to 110 languages.

Color lexicons vary, first of all, in sheer size: English has 11 basic terms, Russian and Hungarian have 12, yet the New Guinean language Dani has just two. One of the two encompasses black, green, blue and other "cool" colors; the other encompasses white, red, yellow and other "warm" colors. Those languages with only three terms almost always have "black-cool," "white-light" and "red-yellow-warm." Those having a fourth usually carve out "grue" from the "black-cool" term.

[...]

One of the most interesting inquiries into these questions is being conducted at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, where Stephen C. Levinson and his associates are studying the psychological consequences of the differing ways in which languages describe space. Several languages lack subjective terms analogous to "left" and "right," using instead absolute directions, akin to "north" and "south." In such a language, one might say, "There's a fly to the north of your nose."

Presented with an arrow pointing to their left, speakers of Guugu Yimithirr, a language of Australia, will later draw it pointing to the left only if they are still facing in the direction in which they saw the arrow in the first place. If, however, they turn around, they will draw it pointing to the right--that is, in the same absolute direction as the original arrow.

» Phantom skyscrapers of London. An obscure part of this site, which also includes artists' impressions of imaginary skylines
» Posted without prejudice: Are teachers whingers?

Teachers told BBC News Online theirs was one of the toughest professions, while non-teachers were mostly unsympathetic, saying "get out into the real world".

So is teaching any more stressful than other jobs?

Well, despite the doubters, it seems there is evidence which suggests it is.

[...]

Now of course this survey was based on people's self-evaluation of stress. So some of the more sceptical non-teachers among you might say it proves nothing except that teachers complain more than others.

But while it would be impossible to prove which job category is the toughest, even the doubters must admit that if teachers are complaining in large numbers they must be unhappy about their work. And it is perception that counts when discussing stress.

» Really cool retro-futuristic pictures of space habitats from the L5 society. Haven't seen some of these pictures for nearly 20 years! (via Boing Boing)

Interior of a Bernal Sphere